In a time marked by the contestation of the European integration process both in our country and globally, discussing the constitutional order of the European Union presents a scholarly challenge. Given that there is no formal legal act titled the Constitution of the European Union, it may seem easy to reject the notion that the European Union possesses its own constitutional law and order. However, this argument is not decisive. Essentially, the name itself is less important than the status of the act. The United Kingdom, as one of the oldest European democracies, does not have a written act titled “constitution,” yet its constitutional order undoubtedly exists. The founding treaties of the European Union perform a constitutional function.
At present, the European Union cannot be regarded as a classical federal state due to the evident lack of competences at the supranational level. It may instead be described as a federal community, which was initially intended to evolve into something more. Historically, this situation is not new. Similar conditions appeared in the 19th century in so-called emerging federal states, such as the United States or the Swiss Confederation.
